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陆军工程大学 车辆与电气工程系,河北 石家庄 050003
[ "李青竹(1993-),男,四川绵阳人,博士研究生,2016年于西南交通大学获得学士学位,2018年于陆军工程大学获得硕士学位,主要从事磁异常探测、弱磁测试信号处理等方面的研究。E-mail: laznlqz666@qq.com" ]
[ "李志宁(1972-),男,河北石家庄人,副教授,博士生导师,1999年于军械工程学院获硕士学位,2007年于清华大学获博士学位,现为陆军工程大学车辆与电气工程系副教授,主要从事测试技术与信号处理研究。E-mail: lgdsxq@163.com" ]
收稿日期:2022-04-23,
修回日期:2022-05-23,
纸质出版日期:2022-10-25
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李青竹,李志宁,石志勇等.AFCM聚类和张量不变量用于磁源多目标定位[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(20):2523-2537.
LI Qingzhu,LI Zhining,SHI Zhiyong,et al.Multi-target magnetic positioning with the adaptive fuzzy c-means clustering and tensor invariants[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(20):2523-2537.
李青竹,李志宁,石志勇等.AFCM聚类和张量不变量用于磁源多目标定位[J].光学精密工程,2022,30(20):2523-2537. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20223020.2523.
LI Qingzhu,LI Zhining,SHI Zhiyong,et al.Multi-target magnetic positioning with the adaptive fuzzy c-means clustering and tensor invariants[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2022,30(20):2523-2537. DOI: 10.37188/OPE.20223020.2523.
为了实现不同位置、磁矩和埋深的多个磁偶极子同步定位,提出通过自适应模糊c-means(Adaptive Fuzzy c-means Clustering, AFCM)聚类和张量不变量进行磁目标多源定位的方法。首先,在磁梯度张量系统的二维平面网格测量基础上,利用归一化磁源强度和张量缩并的不变量改进倾斜角对目标二维分布区域进行预识别。然后,利用张量衍生不变关系定位方法计算识别区域内各节点处的磁偶极子初始位置三维坐标,这些坐标将在磁源的真实位置空间周围形成稠密点云。最后,AFCM聚类算法将对这些初始位置解集点云进行三维聚类并自动检测簇质心数目,估计的簇质心数即为目标数量,簇质心即为目标位置坐标,张量矩阵和位置矢量可用于目标磁矩计算。仿真数据集表明,在5 nT/m方差的高斯噪声环境下,对20个磁偶极子目标数目估计精度为100%,水平位置估计精度大于91.7%,埋深估计精度大于85.6%;实测中,在2.1 m×2.1 m和1.2 m×1.2 m测区内对多个小型磁铁的坐标估计偏差小于0.091 m。
To achieve synchronous positioning of multi-target magnetic dipoles with different locations, moments, and buried depths, a multi-target positioning method based on adaptive fuzzy c-means (AFCM) clustering and tensor invariants is proposed. First, based on the 2D plane grid measurement of a magnetic gradient tensor system, the target distribution area is pre-identified by using the improved tilt angle with the invariants of normalized source strength and tensor contraction. Subsequently, the tensor-derivative invariant-relation positioning method is applied to calculate the initial coordinate points of the magnetic dipoles at grid nodes in the recognition area; these points form a dense point cloud around the real position space of the magnetic source. Finally, the AFCM clustering algorithm is employed to perform 3D clustering on these point clouds of initial position solutions and automatically detect the number of cluster centroids. The estimated number of cluster centroids is the number of targets, and the cluster centroids are the target position coordinates. Then, the tensor matrix and position vector can be used to calculate the magnetic dipole moment. Simulations show that in a Gaussian noise environment with a variance of 5 nT/m, the target-number estimation accuracy of 20 magnetic dipole targets is 100%, horizontal-position estimation accuracy is greater than 91.7%, and buried-depth estimation accuracy is greater than 85.6%. Measurements reveal that the coordinate deviation of the small magnets in the measuring areas of 2.1 m × 2.1 m and 1.2 m × 1.2 m is less than 0.091 m.
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