近地小行星基本物理性质的测光研究

王晓彬; 黄佳宁; 王翱; 刘怡思

doi:10.37188/OPE.20202811.2549

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近地小行星基本物理性质的测光研究

近地小天体监测和预警 | 更新时间：2020-12-09

- 近地小行星基本物理性质的测光研究
- Photometry studies of physical properties for Near-Earth asteroids
- 光学精密工程 2020年28卷第11期页码：2549-2562
- 作者机构：
  
  1.中国科学院云南天文台, 云南昆明 650216
  2.中国科学院大学空间科学学院, 北京 100049
  3.中国科学院天体结构与演化重点实验室, 云南昆明 650216
  4.云溪师范学院, 云南玉溪 653100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王晓彬(1966-), 女, 江苏阜宁, 博士, 研究员, 博士导师, 1988年于北京师范大学获得学士学位, 1999年于中科院云南天文台获得硕士学位, 2003年于中科院云南天文台获得博士学位, 主要从事太阳系小行星及系外行星物理参数的观测研究。E-mail:wangxb@ynao.ac.cn" ]
  [ "黄佳宁(1995-), 女, 安徽宣城, 硕士研究生, 2017年于合肥工业大学获得学士学位, 2020年于中国科学院云南天文台获得硕士学位, 主要从事太阳系小行星物理参数的观测研究。E-mail:huangjianing@ynao.ac.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金资助项目(11073051);国家自然科学基金资助项目(11673063)
- DOI：10.37188/OPE.20202811.2549
  中图分类号： TP394.1;TH691.9
- 收稿日期：2020-03-31，
  
  修回日期：2020-05-08，
  
  录用日期：2020-5-8，
  
  纸质出版日期：2020-11-25
- 稿件说明：
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王晓彬, 黄佳宁, 王翱, 等. 近地小行星基本物理性质的测光研究[J]. 光学精密工程, 2020,28(11):2549-2562.

Xiao-bin WANG, Jia-ning HUANG, Ao WANG, et al. Photometry studies of physical properties for Near-Earth asteroids[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2020, 28(11): 2549-2562.
王晓彬, 黄佳宁, 王翱, 等. 近地小行星基本物理性质的测光研究[J]. 光学精密工程, 2020,28(11):2549-2562. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20202811.2549.

Xiao-bin WANG, Jia-ning HUANG, Ao WANG, et al. Photometry studies of physical properties for Near-Earth asteroids[J]. Optics and precision engineering, 2020, 28(11): 2549-2562. DOI： 10.37188/OPE.20202811.2549.

摘要

暗弱的近地小行星一方面存在碰撞地球的威胁，另一方面，也正因为它是离我们人类最近的自然天体，成为人们研究太阳系行星和小天体起源和演化以及未来人类所需矿物质补充采取的目标。但是，利用地面望远镜，很难直接“看到”近地小行星大小和形状，对其质量和内部结构的测量就更困难。目前，人们多是利用小行星光度的测量值及其时序变化开展小行星形状、自转参数及物质组成的反演研究。本文选取适用于无大气天体表面的散射律，假设从简到繁的小天体形状（三轴椭球-Cellinoid椭球-凸面体），开展了包括近地小行星在内的小行星基本物理参数的反演研究。应用蒙特卡洛方法，实现了小行星凸面体反演参量（形状、自转轴指向、自转速率以及表面散射参数）的不确定性评估。利用Lommel-Seeliger椭球模型，分析了阿波罗型近地小行星（155140）2005UD的形状、自转轴及自转周期以及相位函数参数的测定；利用Cellinoid椭球体模型，实现了小行星（106）Dione的测光数据分析；利用凸面体模型，对小行星（103）Hera及（345）Hermentaria的测光数据进行了反演分析。针对观测数据少，且存在对地球碰撞危胁的近地小行星，可采用参数较少的Lommel-Seeliger椭球体光度模型，快速得到小行星的三维大小及自转参数的粗略估算。增加了3个形状参数Cellinoid椭球体模型可以提高对具有不对称峰值光变曲线的拟合。小行星凸面体模型对小行星光变曲线的拟合最好。新建立的凸面体模型加蒙特卡洛算法，实现了小行星凸面体模型中待测参数的最佳解及其不确定性的估算。

Abstract

Near-Earth asteroids (NEAs)

orbiting around the sun in the proximal space of the Earth

and they have become crucial for two reasons.Some of them

identified as potentially hazardous asteroids

pose the danger of collision with the Earth.They are adopted as the targets for investigating the origin of the planets and small bodies of the solar system

and for sampling and mining in future space missions.However

we couldnot "see" them in detail directly

even with the aid of the largest ground-based telescopes

owing to their small size.Hence

it is difficult to determine the size and shape of NEAs and more challenge to determine their mass and internal structure.Currently

some inversion techniques are applied to determine the basic physical properties (spin parameters

size

shape

scattering parameters

and composition) of asteroids.Among these techniques

the photometry inversion method is widespread used

by which the spin parameters

shape

and scattering parameters of asteroids are subtracted from the photometric data of asteroids.Assuming cartain an experimental scattering law and certain a shape model a series of brightness models of asteroids

and the models were used to inverse the spin parameters

shape

and scattering parameters of asteroids using the least-square and/or Markov chain Monte Carlo approaches.We used the Lommel-Seeliger ellipsoid model to estimate the physical parameters of the near-Earth asteroid (155140)2005 UD based on its photometric data.Further

the photometric data of (106) Dione were analyzed using the Cellinoid shape model.Based on the convex shape model

we analyzed the photometric data of (103) Hera and (346) Hermentaria.Furthermore

a hierarchical analysis platform was built to determine the basic physical parameters of near-Earth asteroids efficiently

which contained a series of brightness models developed based on an assumed scattering law and a selected shape model.For the targets with sufficient data (photometric data obtained for at least four apparitions)

the best values of the parameters involved in the convex inversion and their uncertainties can be estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation procedure.

关键词

Keywords

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